Health Effects of Bromate in Drinking Water

July 1st, 2010

Bromate is a water contaminant that makes water unsafe for drinking. If ingested in large enough concentrations, bromate can cause illnesses among humans. Though many high-grade models of home water purifier or camping water filter use technology that can safely remove water contaminants such as bromate from your drinking water, it is still important for you to be aware of the effects of ingesting bromate from your drinking water.

To make ground water safe for human consumption, it is usually treated with chemicals that kill harmful germs and other microbes. One common chemical used is chlorine. Another way is by treating water with ozone. In this latter case, the bromides found naturally in water react with the ozone and form bromate as a by-product.

In addition, bromide ion concentration, the pH score of the source water, the amount of ozone, and the reaction time used to disinfect the water may also affect the production of bromate.

According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, bromate has several harmful effects on human health. One very dangerous effect is the elevated risk for cancer. According to studies, if a person drinks two quarts of water a day at the drinking water standard of 10 micrograms per liter, her or his exposure is about a sixth of that level. Cancer risk varies from one person to another. In addition, even if a person gets to drink two quarts of water daily, it would not automatically mean that he or she is at risk of cancer. His or her lifestyle also matters.

A second dangerous health effect of bromate in drinking water is that large amounts of bromate may lead to gastrointestinal problems like vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Damage to the kidneys and the nervous system are also found to be among the effects, as are the dampening of one’s sense of hearing. These health issues tend to occur if you have been drinking bromate-laced water for a long time.

Although the dangers caused by bromate is not exactly new discovery, they still need to be subjected to further and more intense scrutiny. For the meantime, you need to always keep drinking only safe water, especially bromate-free. A safe way to do that is to purify your water using a reliable water filtration installation in your home or a camping water filter.

Health Effects of Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water

June 30th, 2010

Trihalomethanes are by-products of chlorine-based or bromine-based water treatment processes just like chlorite a haloacetic acids. They are usually present in treated ground water and are supposed to keep your water free from pathogens and safe for drinking. Unfortunately, they have also been found to cause some substantial harmful effects to the human body. Though, most recent models of top-of-the-line water filtration system and camping water filter can effectively filter them.

High concentrations of trihalomethanes absorbed by the body can cause adverse effects and improper functioning usually of the nervous and respiratory systems. Continuous exposure to these substances has been found to cause the formation of cancer cells in the long run. Chronic diseases are also part on the list. Specific chronic diseases due to trihalomethanes include kidney and liver failure as the most common.

Since these substances are rapidly absorbed by the body, they easily enter the bloodstream and cause anemia. The skin also becomes dry, flaky, and prickly with some burning sensations because of the absorption of these substances by the skin.

Trihalomethanes are highly vaporizable. When exposed to high temperatures, they change phases and are easily inhaled by the human body. Irritation of the throat, mouth, and other parts of the respiratory system thus takes place.

Cancer of different types is probably the worst disease connected to these by-products. Although human cases have rarely been proven, laboratory testing on animals have verified the claims. Among pregnant women, as well as their fetuses and babies, numerous effects have also been listed. First is the occurrence of miscarriages among pregnant women. Second, the inability to bear healthy babies is affected by the mother’s exposure to such by-products present in drinking water.

Getting exposed to these by-products could really disintegrate the bodily functions, especially if you started drinking water with high contents of these at a young age.

Brain development among fetuses and young children is also adversely affected by the presence of these substances in the water that they drink. That is why different methods have been devised to prevent such thing from occurring. One good way to remove trihalomethanes in drinking water is through simple boiling.

In addition to boiling, you should also further purify your water through some other means because boiling sometimes does not remove all contaminants. For this reason, you may want to invest in a reliable home water purifier or a camping water filter.

Why Cryptosporidium Makes Water Unhealthy

June 29th, 2010

So much has been said and written about the importance of clean drinking water. It is impractical to repeat them here. What is important to know right now is what makes drinking water unsafe. Contaminants make water unfit for human consumption. For this reason, people treat their water with chemicals, home water filtration, or a camping water filter just to remove illness-causing microbes, sediments, and chemicals.

One microbe that makes drinking water unhealthy is the microorganism called Cryptosporidium. What is with Cryptosporidium that makes water unhealthy and unsafe to drink?

Cryptosporidium is microbial pathogen or parasite belonging to the protozoan group under the phylum Apicomplexa. When Cryptosporidium infects the human body, it causes a diarrhea-like illness known as cryptosporidiosis, which primarily affects the intestinal tract of mammals. The symptoms are similar to cholera, and infection can lead to death especially among those whose immune systems have been weakened.

Unlike other protozoan pathogens, Cryptosporidium does need insects to be its vectors. Within just one host or victim, it can already complete its life cycle. The life cycle would in turn produce microbial cysts which are excreted in feces. Once the feces are excreted, Cryptosporidium can transfer to a new victim or host. For a fact, it is also the organism most commonly isolated in HIV positive patients presenting with diarrhea. It is also typically an acute infection that runs only for a short term. The main symptom of cryptosporidiosis is self-limiting diarrhea in people with intact immune systems.

The fact alone that Cryptosporidium is a parasite surely makes anything contaminated with it unhealthy and unsafe. Parasites, by their very nature, are always selfish pests that derive nourishment from their hosts while harming their hosts at the same time. The other thing that makes Cryptosporidium hard to combat is that their oocysts or eggs have high resistance to disinfectants such as chlorine-based bleach. This resistance enables them to survive for a long time, making disinfectants ineffective. Instead of dying, the stronger they get. Cryptosporidium can survive any environment for months.

The good news is that you can effectively remove Cryptosporidium from your drinking water. Since it is hard to remove with bleach or chlorine, the safer way to remove Cryptosporidium is to purify your water using a home filtration system or a camping water filter.

Why Giardia Lamblia Makes Water Unhealthy

June 28th, 2010

One disease-causing microorganism that can be present in dirty water is the protozoan contaminant called Giardia lamblia. It is a flagellated protozoan parasite that can take two forms. It can exist as an active trophozoite which causes diseases after it is ingested or it can also be a quiescent cyst that infects water or food. One could not easily detect the presence of these parasites in drinking water since they are not visible to the human eye. However, most reputable chemical purification systems, camping water filter, or home water filtration system are able to remove such parasites or their cysts.

Despite their minute size, the presence of Giardia lamblia in water could lead to serious complications. The major detriment of this parasite is giardiasis. Once you take in contaminated water, the parasites begin to invade the lining of the small intestines and interfere in the process of carbohydrate and fat absorption from digested foods by the body. It usually begins with severe watery diarrhea. Other symptoms include abdominal cramps, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting. These indicators could last up to seven days or longer.

This infection is most commonly experienced by people who travel to industrialized nations. People who swim in public pools. Children who attend day care are also at a high risk of this infection. Hikers and campers who rely on untreated surface water are, as well, threatened by this illness. Healthy individuals do not get infected by this disease. However, the awful thing about it is that they can pass on the infection on to others. The disease can be spread so easily that a hand-to-mouth transmission can make one acquire such illness.

If water gets contaminated, it no longer gives any benefit to you. Instead, it brings harm to our body. Thus, you should be knowledgeable about what makes your drinking water unhealthy.

Like an engine that runs out of oil, the proper functioning of the body also stops if it runs out of water. Water is essential to the human body. In fact, it makes up 85% of your brain, 80% of your blood, and 70% of our muscle. Therefore, to make sure that the water you are drinking is free of Giardia lamblia, you should subject it to water purification methods such as purification tablets or a camping water filter.

Why E. Coli Makes Water Unhealthy

June 25th, 2010

Drinking unsafe water is dangerous. It might contain bacteria that can be harmful to your health and could cause different kinds of illness. Thus, it is always a good idea to to make water safe for drinking by treating it properly by using purification tablets, boiling, or by using a camping water filter or a home water purifier.

One of the most commonly known bacteria that can be found in drinking water is Escherichia coli. It is a type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of animals and humans. It can seep into the water system through human wastes, animal feces, or even from contaminated food. During heavy rainfall it may be washed off into creeks, rivers, lakes and other bodies of water. Water from these places may possibly end up becoming drinking water. The presence of E. coli in water can also be a sign of sewage or animal waste contamination.

E. coli can produce deadly toxins in your body and can cause severe illnesses. Its infection often causes diarrhea, and in most cases, there are no signs of fever manifested in the person. Symptoms of infection usually appear within two to four days, but it can also take up to eight days at times.

Also, you should keep in mind that E. coli infections are not limited to water alone. You can also get these bacteria from contaminated food by just putting your food on a dirty counter top. This might be very dangerous and fatal for your health.

E. coli can also be obtained through physical contact. It is actually a common way for the infection to spread. It can easily be transmitted from one person to another. When infected adults and children do not wash their hands properly, they might pass the bacteria on to other family members.

There are ways to avoid E. coli infections. To prevent bacteria from growing in your own home, thoroughly wash anything that comes in contact with raw meat. Always wash your hands and drink purified water. With modern technology, different kinds of water treatments are now available.

If you manifest some of the symptoms of having been infected by this bacteria you have to go to a doctor for a check up. Most infections are not life-threatening, but these bacteria can cause some serious, and sometimes, fatal illnesses. In most cases, the infections just clear up on their own. Resting and drinking lots of fluids is the most you can do with this.

Drinking clean water is very advisable since this water has already been treated with some purifying agents that could kill the bacteria in it. If you dislike the aftertaste of water disinfected with purification tablets, you can use a camping water filter or a household water purifier. You should never take chances, because you can never be too sure. It is best to be careful and watchful of what you take in since your health is indeed very important to overlooked.

Packing for a Camping Trip

June 24th, 2010

The outdoors is a place of adventure and fun. Yet, it can also be an opportunity to encounter risks that are not available behind the comforts of your own home. If you frequently take trips outdoors and go camping, you must learn how to prepare for your trip and prepare for it in a systematic way. You wouldn’t want to reach your camp site only to find out that you forgot to bring essential items such as a raincoat or your camping water filter.

Many people begin by creating a checklist of important items to bring. Generally, your checklist should be classified into two broad categories: consumables and non-consumables. Most consumable items you bring include food and toiletries. The quantity of consumable items will depend on how many people will be using them and how long you will be at camp. The non-consumables are those items that you will be bring back with you when you return home. These include important items such as blankets, flashlights, and camping water filter.

For food items, it is important that you create a meal plan for your whole camping trip so that you will know what food items to buy and bring. Avoid bringing frozen food or those that require refrigeration, unless you intend to bring a mini-refrigerator or its equivalent.

Prior to your scheduled date of departure, start piling your gear in one designated area of the house. Review your checklist from time to time and make sure that all listed items have been readied. Also make sure that all equipment are functioning and that you know how to operate them.

Anticipate weather changes when you decide on which clothes to bring. Also consider the climate of the area you’re going to. For example, if you’re going to a warm climate, you may want to avoid cotton. Remember to bring spare clothes, too.

Systematically stuff your items into bags. Nylon bags work best. For example, you can pack all your clothes in one bag, dry food in another bag, and so on. Arrange your gear so that you can maximize bag space.

If you are systematic and organized in your gear preparation for your camping trip, you will be less likely to forget bringing the essential survival items. Nobody wants to reach camp and find out that he or she forgot to bring clean drinking water, or that he or she cannot get clean water because the camping water filter was left at home.

Important Minerals in Drinking Water

June 23rd, 2010

Some elements and minerals are important to the body’s proper functioning. Many of these minerals are actually present in natural drinking water. Examples of essential minerals that occur in natural water are magnesium, sodium, calcium, and fluorine. Some models or brands of household water filtration system or camping water filter are very effective in the removal of these minerals, in addition to other nasty water contaminants such as bacteria and heavy metals. This is rather unfortunate because minerals such as magnesium, sodium, calcium, and fluorine perform important functions in the human body.

In general, minerals play a two-fold role in human health. First, they are crucial to growth and development. Minerals are indispensable components in the building of body parts such as muscles and tissues, bones, and teeth. Second, minerals play a very critical role in metabolism. They actually help not just in bodily maintenance but also in facilitating and regulating body functions and processes.

Four essential minerals are commonly present in natural drinking water: magnesium, sodium, calcium, and fluorine. Magnesium aids in muscle control, building or digestion of proteins, blood coagulation, and production of energy. Prolonged magnesium deficiency can cause hypertension and osteoporosis. Calcium is required by the skeletal system. Calcium deficiency leads to a weak skeletal system, weak teeth, and possibly osteoporosis. Sodium helps in the delivery of essential nutrients to the different parts of the body. It is also responsible for keeping the balance of fluids in the body. However, too much sodium can cause hypertension. Fluorine, provided it is ingested in safe amounts (i.e., less than 4 milligrams per liter) can help much in strengthening your teeth and protecting them against cavities and tooth decay.

Although you should not rely on drinking water alone as the primary source for essential minerals, the World Health Organization does claim that the presence of such minerals in drinking water can be helpful to those who have dietary insufficiencies. According to a World Health Organization report in 2003, calcium and magnesium in drinking water is associated with lower risk of death due to ischemic cardiac arrest. The same report also suggested that fluorine in drinking water can be an important contributor to skeletal fluoride.

Therefore, next time you buy bottled water, a home water purifier, a camping water filter, always make sure that they do not deprive you of the essential minerals that your body needs for proper functioning. Besides, the absence of these minerals in your drinking water makes it taste bland rather than “sweet.”

Is Pure Water Better?

June 22nd, 2010

For purposes of discussion in this article, let us define pure water as water that contains only water and nothing else. That is, only water molecules should be present–no contaminants, no chemicals, no minerals. Many manufacturers claim that their home water purifier or camping water filter can produce 100% pure water. If such is the case, you should avoid buying from those manufacturers. Why?

Several studies have found out that pure water is not good for your health. The primary reason is that natural water does contain essential minerals such as magnesium, calcium, and sodium–all of which are electrolytes that your body uses for efficient functioning. If you take out these essential minerals and drink only pure water, you will not benefit from these electrolytes and you will dehydrate. More than that, your body will become prone to mineral deficiencies. The World Health Organization reported in 2004 that consumption of low-mineral or demineralized water can affect the body’s ability to maintain metabolic equilibrium, which results in dangerous imbalance of water and minerals in the human body.

There are other reasons why pure water is not such a good idea. One reason is that pure water is said to be highly aggressive. This means that it can cause corrosion when it comes in contact with other materials, especially metals. Aggressive water is able to do this because of its low pH, calcium content, or total alkaline content. A second reason is that pure water is bland and does not taste “sweet.” More than this, because of the absence of dissolved minerals, pure water will never be able to rehydrate you or to quench your parched, thirsting body.

Some water treatment procedures effectively remove most, if not all, minerals from the water through a general process known as demineralization. Some demineralization methods used to get rid of dissolved minerals in water include distillation, membrane filtration (which is what is actually used in nanofiltration and in reverse osmosis techniques), electrodialysis, deionization, and others.

Demineralized or “pure” water may sound fancy and tempting, but it is actually a big risk. Thus, when purchasing a home water purifier or camping water filter, make sure you buy one that leaves the esential minerals in your water.

Dangerous Substances in Drinking Water

June 21st, 2010

One fact that I personally find hard to swallow is that our water ways and water supplies–almost, if not all, of them–are polluted and contaminated by substances. These pollutants and contaminants make water unsafe for drinking. Some pollutants and contaminants are naturally occurring, but most others are human-made. Because of this issue, I frequently recommend the use of home water purifiers for use at home and camping water filter for those who make frequent trips to the wilderness.

The pollutants and contaminants of our drinking water supply can be classified into three broad categories: Organic sediments, dust, and organic matter; heavy metals, and toxic chemicals. To get relative assurance that your home water purifier or camping water filter gives you safe drinking water, it must be able to screen out those three categories of contaminants.

The first category of contaminants includes physical contaminants. These include rock sediments, dust, microorganisms (especially bacteria), decaying organic matter (e.g., dead leaves, dead animals), and other particles. These are the type of pollutants that make water appear turbid or cloudy. Because of the nature of these contaminants, they are also the easiest to filter out. A decent water filter should be able to easily remove this category of impurities from your water.

Heavy metals and elements belong to the second category of pollutants. Most of these pollutants seep into the water system from industrial plants. Some come from agricultural runoff. Examples of dangerous elements and heavy metals that can be present in your drinking water are arsenic, lead, mercury, and asbestos. These elements are known to be dangerous to the health of humans, especially children. Your water filter should be able to remove these dangerous elements from your drinking water.

The third category of water contaminants includes many dangerous chemicals. Some dangerous chemicals enter our water ways via agricultural seepage (e.g., pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers) or improper waste disposal from manufacturing plants. Another way that dangerous chemicals can enter the water system is through household consumption of chemical products such as soaps, shampoos, and medication. Just like the two other categories of contaminants, dangerous chemicals can seriously affect the health of people who drink contaminated water. Unfortunately, not all water filters use technology or methods that can effectively remove chemical impurities. Though, many multi-stage water filters can.

So that you can drink clean and safe water, make sure you have a water purifier at home and bring a camping water filter when on outdoor trips. Preferably, use a multi-stage water filter that can eliminate all three categories of water contaminants.

Your Body Is a Water-Run Machine

June 18th, 2010

I have always been advising and encouraging my readers to always bring a suitable supply of clean drinking water, or to bring a camping water filter, whenever they go on camping trips. There is only one reason for that: human beings die faster from thirst than from hunger.

The human body is about 90% water. The brain itself is about 90% water. It is not mere coincidence that your body is made up mostly of water. How so? Your body requires it for healthy and proper functioning. Water is required for storing essential nutrients and for transporting these nutrients to wherever else they are needed in your body. If you lose even as little as a quarter of your total body water, you will start experiencing sluggishness, weakness, and a general feeling of lack of energy.

To help you understand the role of water in your body, let me explain in simple terms some of its most important functions. One is the maintenance of the right balance of acids and alkalis in your body. If an imbalance occurs, you will be prone to illness. Another function is cleansing. Water is used in eliminating toxins and other metabolic byproducts via your urine or your sweat. A third function of water is in digestion. Your colon actually contains a lot of water, as does your saliva (which contains digestive enzymes) and your gastric juices. Water likewise is crucial in the delivery of essential oxygen and blood plasma, as well as minerals and nutrients, throughout the body. Moreover, water serves as a temperature regulator for your body and also lubricates your moving body parts (e.g., your organs and your joints) so that they won’t easily give in to stress or injury.

For those crucial reasons, there is practical wisdom in the oft-repeated advice to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. Though, there’s no harm in drinking a little bit more than the minimum. As a matter of fact, drinking more than the required daily amount is encouraged especially if you are following a high-protein meal plan, or you eat too much sodium-rich or sugar-rich food, or you experience a variety of physical pains (e.g., at the joints, muscles, or lower back), or if you have cloudy or yellowish urine (usually a sign of dehydration), or you are nursing an infant, or you’re experiencing hard stools or constipation, or you’re overweight.

Because water is crucial to survival and to good health, always keep a constant supply of clean drinking water when you go out to camp. Make sure you bring along a camping water filter so that your clean water will always be available.